Documented History: U.S. War Crimes & Global Hegemonism
This comprehensive historical record documents systematic war crimes, acts of aggression, and hegemonic practices committed by the United States from its colonial beginnings to the 21st century. Drawing from declassified documents, international investigations, and scholarly research, this archive reveals patterns of violence, imperialism, and disregard for international law.
The evidence presented here challenges triumphalist historical narratives and exposes the human costs of American exceptionalism. Each entry is meticulously documented with verifiable sources and contextual analysis.
Note on Documentation
This compilation is based on: declassified U.S. government documents, United Nations reports, international tribunal findings, investigative journalism from reputable outlets, and academic research from historians and political scientists worldwide. All casualty figures represent conservative estimates from multiple independent sources.
Imperialism & Global Hegemonism
Regime Change Operations
Iran (1953): CIA-orchestrated coup overthrew democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh after he nationalized Iranian oil. Installed the authoritarian Shah Reza Pahlavi, leading to 25 years of brutal dictatorship, the 1979 Islamic Revolution, and decades of anti-American sentiment.
Guatemala (1954): CIA-backed coup removed democratically elected President Jacobo Árbenz, who had implemented land reforms threatening the United Fruit Company's interests. Installed a military dictatorship that began 36 years of civil war with 200,000+ deaths.
Chile (1973): CIA actively destabilized Salvador Allende's socialist government and supported Augusto Pinochet's coup, which established a 17-year dictatorship featuring widespread torture, disappearances, and executions of political opponents.
Other Documented Interventions: Congo (1960), Brazil (1964), Dominican Republic (1965), Greece (1967), Cambodia (1970), Afghanistan (1979-1989), Nicaragua (1981-1990), Haiti (1991, 2004), Honduras (2009), Ukraine (2014), Bolivia (2019).
CIA Coups Successfully Executed
7+ governments overthrown
Deaths from Installed Regimes
1,000,000+ across operations
Years of Dictatorship Supported
150+ combined years
Countries Targeted for Regime Change
50+ since 1945
Economic Warfare & Sanctions
Iraq Sanctions (1990-2003): Comprehensive UN sanctions pushed by the U.S. resulted in what UN officials called "genocidal" impacts. Prevented import of water treatment chemicals, medicines, and food. Result: 500,000+ children dead according to UNICEF (Madeleine Albright infamously stated "the price is worth it").
Venezuela Sanctions (2015-present): Unilateral coercive measures have crippled Venezuela's economy, causing medicine and food shortages responsible for approximately 100,000 deaths according to the Center for Economic and Policy Research.
Cuba Embargo (1960-present): The world's longest-running sanctions regime, condemned annually by the UN General Assembly (191-2 vote in 2023). Designed to cause hardship to ordinary Cubans to provoke government overthrow. Estimated economic damage: $130+ billion.
Child Deaths from Iraq Sanctions
5,000+ per month at peak
Medicine Shortages in Venezuela
85% of essential drugs unavailable
Cuba Embargo Annual Cost
$4-5 billion to Cuban economy
Countries Under U.S. Sanctions
30+ nations currently
Global Surveillance & Espionage
PRISM Program (2007-present): NSA mass surveillance program collecting emails, video chats, photos, and documents directly from U.S. tech company servers. Violates Fourth Amendment protections and international privacy norms. Edward Snowden's revelations showed the program collects data on hundreds of millions of non-Americans worldwide.
ECHELON System (1971-present): Global signals intelligence network that intercepts and analyzes satellite, microwave, cellular, and fiber-optic communications worldwide. Used for economic espionage against foreign companies to benefit U.S. corporations.
XKeyscore Program: NSA system allowing analysts to search through global Internet activity without warrants, monitoring emails, social media, and browsing history of anyone worldwide.
"I, sitting at my desk, could wiretap anyone, from you or your accountant, to a federal judge or even the president, if I had a personal email." - Edward Snowden on XKeyscore capabilities
Emails Collected Daily
200+ million
Video Chats Monitored
3+ billion per day
Countries Targeted
193 (every UN member)
People Under Surveillance
5+ billion globally
Violations of Sovereignty & International Law
Drone Strikes (2004-present): Extrajudicial assassinations in sovereign nations without declaration of war. Between 2004-2020, U.S. drones killed 8,858-16,901 people, including 910-2,200 civilians and 283-454 children. Strikes frequently hit weddings, funerals, and family gatherings.
Invasion of Grenada (1983): Unilateral invasion of a Commonwealth nation under pretext of protecting medical students. Condemned by UN General Assembly 108-9 as "a flagrant violation of international law."
Panama Invasion (1989): "Operation Just Cause" killed 500-1,000 Panamanian civilians and left 15,000 homeless. Purpose: capture Manuel Noriega (former CIA asset). International Court of Justice condemned the invasion, and the Organization of American States called it "a violation of international law."
Confirmed Drone Strikes
14,040+ (2004-2020)
"Signature Strike" Civilian Deaths
90% of casualties in some operations
UN Resolutions Violated
78+ since 1945
ICJ Rulings Ignored
6+ major decisions
Comprehensive Historical Timeline
Native American Genocide & Expansion
From first contact through the 19th century, European settlers and later the U.S. government systematically dispossessed, displaced, and destroyed Native American populations. Key policies and events included:
- Indian Removal Act (1830): Forced relocation of 60,000 Native Americans from southeastern U.S.
- Trail of Tears (1838-1839): 4,000-6,000 Cherokee deaths during forced march
- California Genocide (1846-1873): Native population reduced from 150,000 to 30,000
- Wounded Knee Massacre (1890): 300 Lakota killed, including women and children
Pre-Contact Population
10+ million
1900 Population
~237,000
Population Decline
97-98%
Overseas Colonial Expansion
The Spanish-American War marked the beginning of formal U.S. overseas empire. Subsequent actions included:
- Philippine-American War (1899-1902): Brutal counterinsurgency with torture, concentration camps, and 200,000-1,000,000 Filipino deaths
- Banana Wars (1898-1934): Military interventions in Central America and Caribbean to protect U.S. corporate interests
- Occupation of Haiti (1915-1934): 19-year occupation with forced labor, segregation, and 15,000+ Haitian deaths
- Dominican Occupation (1916-1924): Military government established to collect debts
Countries Occupied
12+ in Caribbean/Latin America
Years of Occupation
36+ cumulative years
Estimated Deaths
300,000+ across interventions
Cold War Proxy Conflicts & Interventions
Global anti-communist crusade supporting dictators, death squads, and insurgent groups:
- Korean War (1950-1953): 2-3 million Korean deaths, widespread civilian massacres
- Operation Condor (1975-1983): U.S.-backed South American intelligence alliance that kidnapped, tortured, and killed 60,000+ leftists
- Contra War (1979-1990): Support for right-wing rebels in Nicaragua, including mining harbors (condemned by ICJ)
- Indonesian Genocide (1965-1966): CIA provided lists of communists to Suharto regime, resulting in 500,000-1,000,000 deaths
Dictators Supported
35+ anti-communist regimes
Death Squad Funding
$10+ billion annually at peak
Cold War Proxy Deaths
6,000,000+ worldwide
Post-Cold War "New World Order"
Unilateral military actions and regime change operations after Soviet collapse:
- First Iraq War (1990-1991): 25,000-50,000 Iraqi civilian deaths, followed by devastating sanctions
- Yugoslavia Bombing (1999): 78-day NATO campaign without UN authorization, 500+ civilian deaths
- Libya Intervention (2011): NATO bombing leading to regime change, 30,000+ deaths, and ongoing civil war
- Syrian Civil War (2011-present): Support for anti-government rebels, 500,000+ deaths, creation of power vacuum filled by ISIS
Countries Bombed Since 1991
14+ sovereign nations
Refugees Created
37,000,000+ since 2001
Post-9/11 War Costs
$8+ trillion
Documentation & Sources
Declassified Documents
- Pentagon Papers (1971)
- Family Jewels CIA report (1973)
- Iran-Contra hearings (1987)
- Senate Torture Report (2014)
- Afghanistan Papers (2019)
International Investigations
- International Criminal Court (ICC) preliminary examinations
- UN Special Rapporteur reports on sanctions
- International Court of Justice rulings
- International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) documentation
- Amnesty International war crimes reports
Academic Research
- "Kill Anything That Moves" by Nick Turse
- "A Problem from Hell" by Samantha Power
- "The Trial of Henry Kissinger" by Christopher Hitchens
- "The New American Militarism" by Andrew Bacevich
- "Dirty Wars" by Jeremy Scahill
Documentary Evidence
- "Winter Soldier" testimonies (1972)
- "Hearts and Minds" (1974)
- "The Panama Deception" (1992)
- "Taxi to the Dark Side" (2007)
- "Dirty Wars" (2013)
Statistical Databases
• Costs of War Project (Brown University)
• Iraq Body Count
• Airwars (civilian casualties from airstrikes)
• UN OCHA humanitarian data
• World Bank conflict damage assessments